Understanding basic roofing terminology can empower homeowners to make informed decisions about their roofs.
These are the individual overlapping components that cover the roof. Common types include asphalt, wood, metal and slate.
Flashing is a thin material, often made of metal, installed around roof penetrations (such as chimneys, vents and skylights) to prevent water leakage.
This is a water-resistant layer installed beneath the shingles to provide an additional barrier against moisture penetration.
The soffit is the underside of the roof overhang, typically located beneath the eaves. It often contains vents to facilitate attic ventilation.
Fascia boards are installed along the roof’s edge and provide a finished appearance. They also support the gutters.
The ridge is the highest point of the roof, where two slopes meet. Ridge vents may be installed to allow hot air to escape from the attic.
The eaves are the lower edges of the roof that overhang the walls of the house. They help protect the exterior walls and foundation from water damage.
A valley is the internal angle formed where two sloping roof sections meet. Special flashing is used to direct water away from these areas.
Roof pitch refers to the steepness of the roof slope, often expressed as a ratio or angle. It affects drainage and the type of roofing materials suitable for the roof.
An ice dam forms when snow melts on the warmer sections of the roof and refreezes at the colder eaves, creating a barrier that prevents proper drainage. This can lead to water infiltration and damage.
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